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Gandhi

MAHATMA GANDHI 

Mahatma Gandhi, also called "Great Soul", was the leader of the Indian indipendence movement and is considered the spiritual father of  the Indian Nation. Gandhi believe that that non-violence and civil disobedience were the most effective  ways to obtain important  political and social goals. Struck by the condition of immigrant Indian workers in South Africa, where he worked for an Indian firm, he began practising non-vilent resistance and started a movement for civil rights in South Africa.

In 1915 he returned in India where he organized pacific protests against excessive British taxation and discrimination. He was imprisoned many times and began hunger strikes to express his civil disobedience. After becoming  the leader of Indian National Congress in 1921, Gandhi led campaigns to relieve poverty and expand women's rights in India. He also asked people to boycot British products and educational istitutions.

During World War II he intensified his demand for indipendence, asking the British to quit India and he struggled for the unity of  Indian Hindus, Muslims and Christians. On 30th January 1948, a few months after Indian indipendence, Gandhi was assassinated in Delhi by Hindu fanatic nationalist. 

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Find information about Gandhi 1982 biographical film directed by Richard Attendborough

MARTIN LUTHER KING "I have a dream"

In 1865 slavery was abolished and the "negroes" became free workers. However , racial discrimination spread in American society, because white Americans did not accept them as equal. A sistem of racial segregation started. Black people had to go to different schools, bars and cinemas from the white people. They had different entrances to public places and differents waiting roooms at the stations or bus terminals. They had different park benches, train or restaurant seating and even public toilets. They had difficulty in finding job and had to live in black neighbhoods.

In the 1950s thr African-Americans challenged segregation and the black Reverend Martin Luther King jr. became the leader the African-American Civil Right Movement. He was born in Atlanta , Georgia, on January 15, 1929. He became a Baptist minister and a civil rights activist early in his career. In 1955 he led Montgomery Bus Boycott, following Rosa Park's act of civil disobedience: she was arrested because she refused  to give up her seat on a bus to a white man. On August 28, 1963 he led the March on Washington, where he delivered  his famous speech "I have a dream". In 1964 he received the Nobel Peace Prize for his work to and  racial segregation and racial discrimination through civil disobedience and other non-violent means. He also campaigned to end poverty and to stop the war against Vietnam. On April 4, 1968. as he was leaving his motel room in Memphis, Tennessee, he was shot and killed.

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Search the web and find out which famous rock band composed two songs on Martin Luther King in 1980s. 

Find out:

-the name of the band;

-the titles of the songs.